Prospective Memory

The ability to remember to carry out intended actions in the future, such as taking medication at a specific time, attending an appointment, or completing a task when a particular cue arises. Prospective memory is distinct from retrospective memory (remembering past events) and is heavily dependent on executive function and attention. It is commonly impaired after traumatic brain injury and in other conditions affecting cognition, leading to difficulties with daily routines, medication adherence, and safety. Assistive technologies such as conversational agents, smartphone reminders, and electronic organizers can support prospective memory by providing timely cues and follow-up prompts, though current systems often lack the ability to confirm whether the intended action was completed.