Vibrotactile Feedback

A form of haptic feedback that uses vibration patterns to convey information through the sense of touch. In accessibility, vibrotactile feedback provides an alternative or complement to visual and auditory output channels, enabling communication with users who are blind, deaf, or deafblind. Applications include encoding braille characters as vibration sequences on smartphones and smartwatches, providing navigation cues through wearable devices, and delivering alerts and notifications without sound. The effectiveness of vibrotactile systems depends on factors including vibration intensity, duration, frequency, spatial placement on the body, and the interval between patterns.