Means-End Chain

A theoretical framework and analytical output from Laddering research that maps how product attributes lead to functional and psychosocial consequences, which in turn connect to personal values. A chain might show: "Nature scenery (attribute) → Feeling of calm (functional consequence) → Reminiscing about past travels (psychosocial consequence) → Sense of wellbeing (value)." When aggregated across participants, dominant chains reveal which product features most powerfully connect to user values. In accessibility contexts, MECs help designers understand not just what features users want, but why those features matter to their quality of life.