Wireframe

A visual guide representing the skeletal framework of a website or application, showing page layout, content placement, and navigation structure before detailed design begins. Wireframes are fundamental to web development planning and information architecture. However, wireframing tools are largely inaccessible to screen reader users, presenting a significant barrier for blind web developers and designers. Research shows blind developers work around this by creating nested text lists describing intended elements and interactions, though this method lacks the dynamic, non-linear affordances of visual wireframes. The inaccessibility of wireframing represents a systemic exclusion of blind people from user experience design roles.