Ergonomics

The scientific discipline concerned with understanding interactions between humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data, and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance (IEA definition). Ergonomics spans physical ergonomics (posture, force, repetition, workspace layout), cognitive ergonomics (workload, attention, decision-making), and organizational ergonomics. In digital accessibility, ergonomic considerations inform input device design, seating and workstation guidance for disabled workers, fatigue-aware gesture and voice interfaces, and the prevention of repetitive strain injuries. Good ergonomic design is especially consequential for users whose bodies deviate from assumed norms.