Glossary

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Fabrication(also: AI Fabrication, Confabulation)

An AI error where the model generates content that does not exist in the input, such as describing objects not present in an image, inventing text that does not appear in a document, or creating details that are entirely fictional. Fabrication is distinct from misinterpretation…

Face Detection(also: Face Recognition, Facial Detection)

A computer vision technology that identifies and locates human faces within digital images or video frames, typically providing bounding box coordinates around each detected face. Face detection serves as the foundation for more advanced tasks like face recognition (identifying…

Face Recognition(also: Facial Recognition, Face Detection)

A technology that uses computer vision and machine learning to identify or verify a person by analysing their facial features from images or video. In accessibility contexts, face recognition has significant potential as an assistive tool for blind and deafblind people, enabling…

Facial Expression Recognition(also: FER, Facial Action Recognition)

Computer vision technology that detects and classifies facial expressions from images or video. In sign language contexts, facial expression recognition is essential for capturing non-manual signs — the facial movements that carry grammatical meaning in ASL, such as raised…

False Negative(also: Type II Error)

An error in which a system fails to identify something that is actually present or true. In privacy and obfuscation contexts, a false negative occurs when an AI system fails to detect private content that should be obfuscated, potentially exposing sensitive information like…

False Positive(also: Type I Error)

An error in which a system incorrectly identifies something as present or true when it is not. In privacy and obfuscation contexts, a false positive occurs when an AI system incorrectly flags non-private content as private and applies obfuscation unnecessarily, potentially…

Few-Shot Learning(also: N-Shot Learning, Low-Shot Learning)

Few-shot learning is a machine learning approach that enables AI models to learn new concepts from only a small number of examples — typically 1 to 10 — rather than the hundreds or thousands traditionally required. This is achieved through techniques like meta-learning, where…

Few-Shot Prompting(also: In-Context Learning, Few-Shot Learning)

A technique for guiding large language models by providing a small number of examples within the input prompt to demonstrate the desired task or output format. In accessibility applications, few-shot prompting can help AI systems perform context-specific tasks like correcting…

Fuzzy Logic(also: Fuzzy Inference)

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic that deals with approximate reasoning, where truth values range continuously between 0 and 1 rather than being strictly true or false. In assistive technology and signal processing, fuzzy logic systems are used to handle imprecise or…

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