Glossary

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Participant Recruitment(also: Research Recruitment, Subject Recruitment)

The process of identifying, inviting, and enrolling individuals to participate in research studies. In accessibility research, participant recruitment presents unique challenges including ensuring intersectional representation of disability communities, avoiding overburdening…

Participant Verification(also: Eligibility Verification, Screening Verification)

The process of confirming that research participants genuinely meet a study's eligibility criteria, particularly regarding disability status. Verification is complicated by multiple factors: different models of disability define disability differently; online and remote…

Paternalism(also: Paternalistic Approach)

The practice of making decisions for others based on the assumption that one knows what is best for them, without adequately consulting or empowering them to make their own choices. In disability contexts, paternalism manifests when parents, professionals, researchers, or…

Personally Identifying Information(also: PII, Personal Data, Personally Identifiable Information)

Any data that can be used to identify a specific individual, including names, addresses, photographs, financial details, and biometric data. In accessibility contexts, PII is a significant concern when disabled users contribute data for AI training, as they may inadvertently…

Personhood

The recognition of a human being as a full person with agency, dignity, self-expression, and moral standing, irrespective of cognitive, physical, or communicative impairments. In dementia care and accessibility practice, affirming personhood means interacting with the individual…

Perturbation testing(also: Counterfactual testing, Template-based testing)

A bias evaluation methodology for NLP models that systematically substitutes identity-related terms (e.g., disability phrases) in otherwise identical sentences to measure whether the model produces different predictions based on the identity mention alone. By holding all other…

Privacy

The right and practical ability of a person to control the collection, use, and disclosure of information about themselves, their body, their activities, and their relationships. For accessibility, privacy intersects with disability in specific ways: assistive-technology usage…

Privacy Threat Model(also: Privacy Threat Analysis, Privacy Risk Assessment)

A systematic process for identifying, classifying, and evaluating potential privacy risks that a technology system may pose to its users. Privacy threat modeling extends security-focused frameworks (like Microsoft's STRIDE) to address privacy-specific concerns. The LINDDUN…

Private Visual Content(also: PVC, Visual Privacy)

Private visual content (PVC) refers to visual information in images or videos that the person depicted or sharing the content considers private and would not want publicly disclosed. For people who are blind using visual interpreter services, PVC is a particular concern because…

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