Glossary

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Target-Based Navigation(also: Target-Based Cursor Control, Object-Based Navigation)

A cursor control method where users identify the desired destination directly by name or label, such as saying "Select Friday" to move the cursor to that word on screen. Target-based navigation can be efficient when targets are clearly identifiable, but becomes error-prone as…

Text Entry(also: Text Input, Text Generation)

The process of entering text into a computer or communication device, encompassing the full range of input methods from standard keyboards to alternative approaches used in assistive technology such as on-screen keyboards, word prediction, scanning, switch-based input, eye…

Throughput(also: Throughput (Fitts), Pointing Throughput)

In human-computer interaction, throughput is a combined speed-accuracy metric derived from Fitts's law that measures the efficiency of aimed pointing movements, expressed in bits per second (bps). It is calculated by dividing the index of difficulty (a function of target…

Touch Accessibility(also: Touchscreen Accessibility)

The design and adaptation of touch-based interfaces to be usable by people with diverse motor, sensory, and cognitive abilities. Touch accessibility addresses challenges including insufficient target sizes for users with limited fine motor control, lack of alternatives to…

Touch Drift(also: Finger Drift)

The displacement of a finger's contact point on a touchscreen between the initial finger-down position and the final finger-up position during a single touch interaction. Touch drift measures how far a touch "slides" from where it started to where it ended, distinct from touch…

Touch Panel(also: Touch Tablet, Touch-Sensitive Panel, Digitizer Tablet)

A flat, pressure-sensitive input surface that detects the position of a finger or stylus when it makes contact. Unlike touchscreens, which combine display and input on the same surface, a touch panel is a separate input device placed over or alongside a display. In…

Touch-Free Interaction(also: Contactless Interaction, No-Touch Interface)

Interaction with digital systems without physically touching any device surface, achieved through gestures, voice, eye tracking, brain-computer interfaces, or proximity sensors. Touch-free interaction is important for accessibility because touchscreens present significant…

Touchpad(also: Touch Tablet, Touch-Sensitive Pad)

A flat, pressure-sensitive input device that detects the position of a finger or stylus on its surface. In assistive technology contexts, touchpads are used as interactive overlays for tactile graphics and maps, enabling users who are blind to place a tactile printout on the pad…

Touchpad Navigation(also: Trackpad Navigation)

A method of interacting with digital content by dragging fingers or pressing specific positions on a smooth-surface touchpad input device. In accessibility contexts, touchpad navigation enables direct manipulation of spatial interfaces — such as maps or diagrams — by mapping…

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