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Glossary

Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.

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Grade 1 Braille(also: Uncontracted Braille, Alphabetic Braille)
The basic level of braille in which each letter, number, and punctuation mark is represented by its own distinct braille cell, with no abbreviations or contractions. Grade 1 braille is typically used by beginning braille learners and for labeling purposes. While straightforward…
Grade 2 Braille(also: Contracted Braille)
The standard form of braille used in most published materials, which employs contractions — single braille characters or short groups of characters that represent common words, letter combinations, or word parts. Grade 2 braille is more concise than Grade 1, reducing reading and…
Grapheme
The smallest unit of a writing system, typically a letter or group of letters that represents a single phoneme (sound). For example, the word "ship" contains three graphemes: <sh>, <i>, and <p>. Understanding grapheme-phoneme correspondence — how written letters map to spoken…
Graphicacy(also: Graph Literacy, Visual Literacy)
The ability to read, interpret, and communicate information presented in graphs, charts, maps, and other visual representations of data. Graphicacy is considered a foundational literacy alongside reading, writing, and numeracy. It involves three progressive stages: reading the…

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