Glossary

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Academic Ableism

Systemic discrimination against disabled people within academic institutions and research practices. In higher education, academic ableism manifests through inaccessible learning environments, expectations of productivity that do not account for disability, and research…

Agential Realism

A theoretical framework developed by physicist-philosopher Karen Barad that rejects the idea of pre-existing, independent subjects and objects, arguing instead that phenomena emerge through specific "intra-actions" between apparatus and matter. Applied to accessibility research,…

CARE Principles(also: CARE, Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics)

A set of people-and-purpose-oriented principles for Indigenous data governance developed by the Global Indigenous Data Alliance — Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics — designed to complement the more technical FAIR principles (Findable,…

Cross-language Research(also: Cross-linguistic Research, Multilingual Research)

Research conducted across different languages, requiring translation and interpretation to bridge communication between researchers and participants who do not share a common language. In accessibility research with sign language users, cross-language challenges are particularly…

Decolonial Learning(also: Decolonial Design Practice)

A preparatory and ongoing phase in community-based research in which researchers — typically affiliated with Global North institutions or corporations — work to understand the historical, political, and cultural context of a community before setting a research agenda, and cede…

Dual-Positioned Researcher(also: Dual Positioning, Insider-Outsider Researcher)

A researcher who holds both the role of investigator and the lived experience of the condition or community being studied — for example, a person with OCD studying OCD, or a Deaf researcher studying Deaf users. Dual-positioned researchers bring interpretive depth and epistemic…

Ethic of Care(also: Care Ethics, Feminist Ethics of Care)

A moral and methodological framework, rooted in feminist philosophy, that centers relationships, responsibility, and responsiveness to the needs of others rather than abstract principles or transactional exchange. In accessibility and participatory research, an ethic of care…

Extractive Research(also: Extractive UX Research)

A critique of research practices — common in industry UX and academic HCI — in which researchers take data, insights, or stories from a community, often marginalized, without ongoing relationship, reciprocity, or benefit flowing back. Extractive research is associated with…

Guardianship(also: Legal Guardianship, Guardian, Caregiver Guardianship)

A legal arrangement in which a person (the guardian) is appointed to make decisions on behalf of another person who is deemed unable to make certain decisions independently, often due to intellectual disability, cognitive impairment, or age. In accessibility research,…

Heavy Disguise

A research-ethics technique introduced by Amy Bruckman (2002) for handling quotes and user-generated content drawn from public online spaces. Under heavy disguise the researcher rephrases quotations, omits usernames and platform identifiers, and verifies (e.g., via search) that…

Indigenous Data Sovereignty(also: IDS, Tribal Data Sovereignty)

The right of Indigenous peoples to govern the collection, ownership, and application of data about their communities, lands, and resources. Rooted in inherent rights of self-governance, Indigenous data sovereignty ensures that research involving Indigenous populations respects…

Informed Consent Accessibility(also: Accessible Informed Consent, Accessible Consent Process)

The practice of making informed consent documents and processes fully accessible to people with disabilities, ensuring they can understand the information being presented and make genuinely informed decisions about participation. For Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals who…

OCAP Principles(also: OCAP, Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession)

A set of principles developed by the First Nations Information Governance Centre establishing that First Nations communities must own, control, access, and possess data and information about themselves — their people, territories, resources, and cultural knowledge. OCAP emerged…

Positionality Statement(also: Reflexivity Statement)

A short written statement, most commonly found in qualitative research papers and accessibility HCI publications, in which authors articulate the personal, cultural, professional, and disability-related standpoints that shape their interpretation of the work. Positionality…

Testimonial Injustice

A form of epistemic injustice, articulated by Miranda Fricker, in which a speaker's credibility is unjustly deflated because of prejudice attached to their identity. In accessibility and aging research, testimonial injustice occurs when researchers treat older adults' or…

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