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Glossary

Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.

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Phonology(also: Sign Language Phonology)
The study of the smallest meaningful units that make up language and the rules governing their combination. In sign languages, phonology describes the building blocks of signs: handshape, location on the body, movement, palm orientation, and non-manual signals. William Stokes…
Picture-in-Picture(also: PiP, PIP)
A display technique that shows a smaller video or content window overlaid on the main content, allowing viewers to see two sources simultaneously. In accessibility contexts, picture-in-picture is the primary method for presenting sign language interpretation in video and…
Pidgin Signed English(also: PSE, Contact Signing, Sign Supported English)
A hybrid communication system that combines elements of American Sign Language (ASL) and English. In PSE, signers use ASL signs for the main content words of an English sentence, following English word order, but generally do not include extra signs for English word endings or…
Polar Motion Profile(also: PMP)
A Polar Motion Profile (PMP) is a computational technique used in sign language detection that models the quantity and distribution of motion relative to a detected face using polar coordinates. The method captures the characteristic hand and arm movements associated with…
Pose Estimation(also: Body Pose Estimation, Skeleton Tracking)
A computer vision technique that detects and tracks the positions of human body joints, hands, and facial landmarks from images or video. In accessibility contexts, pose estimation is a foundational technology for sign language recognition systems, gesture-based interfaces, and…
Prosodic Breaks(also: Prosodic Pauses, Prosodic Boundaries)
Pauses or breaks in the flow of communication that convey grammatical, syntactic, or emphatic meaning. In sign language, prosodic breaks occur between signs and serve functions similar to intonation and pausing in spoken language — marking sentence boundaries, separating clauses…

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