Glossary
Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.
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- Wake Word(also: Hotword, Trigger Word, Activation Word)
- A specific word or phrase that activates a voice-controlled device, such as "Hey Google," "Alexa," or "Hey Siri." The wake word must be spoken before any command for the device to begin listening. Wake words present accessibility barriers for people with speech disfluencies, as…
- Word Error Rate(also: WER)
- A metric used to evaluate the accuracy of automatic speech recognition (ASR) and captioning systems, calculated as the number of word-level errors (insertions, deletions, and substitutions) divided by the total number of words in the reference transcript. Lower WER indicates…
- Word Lattice(also: Recognition Lattice, Speech Lattice)
- A graph data structure produced by a speech recognizer that represents multiple competing word hypotheses explored during recognition, along with their acoustic and language model scores. Each path through the lattice represents a possible transcription of the spoken input. Word…
- Word error rate(also: WER)
- The standard metric for evaluating automatic speech recognition accuracy, calculated as the number of substitutions, deletions, and insertions divided by the total number of words in the reference transcript. Research with DHH users has shown that WER correlates poorly with…
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