Glossary

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Learning Design(also: IMS Learning Design, IMS LD)

A specification from IMS Global Learning Consortium (based on the Educational Modeling Language) that provides a framework for describing the structure and sequence of learning activities, roles, and environments in educational scenarios. Learning Design enables the separation…

Learning Object Metadata(also: LOM, IEEE LOM)

A data model used to describe learning resources, standardized by IEEE (IEEE 1484.12.1). Learning Object Metadata defines a set of elements organized into categories including general, lifecycle, technical, educational, and rights information. For accessibility, LOM is…

Legal blindness(also: Legally blind)

A level of visual impairment defined in many jurisdictions as visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye with best correction, or a visual field of 20 degrees or less. Legal blindness is an administrative threshold used to determine eligibility for disability benefits…

Logical Reading Order(also: Reading Sequence, Programmatic Reading Order)

The sequence in which content within a document is presented to assistive technologies, which should match the intended logical flow of the content as a human reader would understand it. In PDFs, the logical reading order is determined by the tag tree structure, not the visual…

Luminance(also: Relative Luminance)

The relative brightness of a color as perceived by the human eye, measured on a scale from 0 (black) to 1 (white). In accessibility, relative luminance is the foundation of WCAG color contrast ratio calculations, which compare the luminance of foreground text against its…

Luminous Efficiency Function(also: LEF, Spectral Luminous Efficiency Function, V(lambda))

A function that describes how the human visual system converts light intensity at different wavelengths into perceived brightness. The standard LEF used in WCAG contrast ratio calculations is based on a "standard observer" with typical colour vision. However, people with CVD —…

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