Glossary

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D3(also: D3.js, Data-Driven Documents)

A JavaScript library for producing dynamic, interactive data visualizations in web browsers using SVG, HTML, and CSS. D3 gives developers fine-grained control over visualization rendering but does not include built-in accessibility features, leaving developers responsible for…

DHTML(also: Dynamic HTML)

Dynamic HTML (DHTML) is a collective term for a combination of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and the Document Object Model (DOM) used together to create interactive and animated web content, prevalent in the late 1990s and early 2000s. DHTML created substantial accessibility barriers…

DOM(also: Document Object Model)

A programming interface that represents an HTML or XML document as a tree structure of objects, where each node corresponds to a part of the document such as elements, attributes, and text content. The DOM is critical to accessibility because assistive technologies like screen…

DOM Manipulation(also: DOM Modification, Document Object Model Manipulation)

The programmatic modification of a webpage's Document Object Model (DOM) to change its structure, content, styling, or behavior. In accessibility contexts, DOM manipulation is used by browser extensions, accessibility overlays, and assistive tools to enhance web pages — for…

DOM Tree(also: Document Object Model, DOM)

A programming interface that represents an HTML or XML document as a hierarchical tree structure, where each node corresponds to a part of the document such as an element, attribute, or text content. Web browsers construct the DOM tree from HTML source code, and assistive…

Data Table(also: Genuine Table)

An HTML table element used to present structured, tabular information where data cells have a logical relationship to header cells. Accessible data tables require proper semantic markup including th elements for headers, scope attributes to define header direction (row or…

Decorative Image(also: Decorative Graphic, Presentational Image)

An image that serves a purely aesthetic or visual design purpose and does not convey meaningful information to the user. According to WCAG guidelines, decorative images should receive empty alt text (alt="") so that screen readers skip over them rather than announcing…

Delivery Context

Delivery context is a term defined by the W3C Device Independence Working Group to describe the set of attributes that characterize the environment in which web content is delivered and consumed. This includes device capabilities (screen size, supported markup languages, color…

Device Independence(also: Device-Independent Design, Input Agnostic Design)

A web design principle that ensures content and functionality are accessible regardless of the input device or interaction method used to access them. Device-independent design avoids assumptions about how users will interact with content — not relying solely on mouse events,…

Device-Dependent Event Handler(also: Device-Dependent Event, Mouse-Dependent Event Handler)

An event handler in web development that is triggered only by a specific input device, such as a mouse click or touch gesture, rather than being accessible through multiple input methods. Device-dependent event handlers create significant accessibility barriers because users who…

Document Object Model(also: DOM)

A programming interface for web documents that represents the page as a tree of objects, where each HTML element is a node that can be accessed and manipulated programmatically. The DOM is fundamental to web accessibility because screen readers and other assistive technologies…

Document Object Model(also: DOM)

A programming interface that represents the structure of an HTML or XML document as a tree of objects, where each element, attribute, and piece of text becomes a node that can be programmatically accessed and manipulated. The DOM is foundational to web accessibility because…

Dojo Toolkit(also: Dojo)

An open-source JavaScript toolkit for building Ajax web applications, notable in accessibility history for being one of the first major frameworks to incorporate WAI-ARIA support. In 2006, IBM contributed accessibility technology to Dojo, led by Becky Gibson, establishing an…

Dynamic Content(also: Dynamic Web Content, Live Content)

Dynamic content refers to web page elements that change or update after the initial page load, either automatically (such as news tickers, stock prices, or chat messages) or in response to user interaction (such as search suggestions, form validation messages, or content loaded…

Dynamic HTML(also: DHTML)

A collection of technologies — including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and the Document Object Model (DOM) — used together to create interactive and animated web content that can change after a page has loaded without requiring a server round-trip. Dynamic HTML was a precursor to…

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