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Reviews

The literature-review database. Every paper Bob has reviewed (he has read many more), with a short summary, key findings, and tags. Browse, filter, search.

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  • Speaker-Aware Affective Captioning for Multi-Speaker STEM Talk in Inclusive Classrooms

    Sunday David Ubur, Denis Gracanin, Stephanie P DeHart, Enoch Katey Akli, Fatemeh Sarshartehrani, Sikiru Adewale · 2026 · Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '26)

    Ubur and colleagues at Virginia Tech address a specific failure mode of live captioning in classroom and meeting settings: collapsing multi-speaker discourse into a single text stream that obscures who said what and how it was said. They argue this is especially consequential…

    captioning · deaf and hard of hearing · speaker diarization · speech emotion recognition · STEM education

  • Navigating the Cyborg Classroom: Telepresence Robots, Accessibility Challenges, and Inclusivity in the Classroom

    Houda Elmimouni, Selma Šabanović, Jennifer A. Rode · 2024 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

    This field study examines how telepresence robots—mobile robots with screens that allow remote users to move through physical spaces—facilitate or hinder accessibility and inclusivity in university classrooms. The researchers conducted participatory observations, surveys, and…

    telepresence robots · remote learning · classroom accessibility · robotics · cyborg

  • Improving Real-Time Captioning Experiences for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students

    Saba Kawas, George Karalis, Tzu Wen, Richard E. Ladner · 2016 · Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '16)

    This paper takes a holistic, qualitative approach to understanding deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) university students' experiences with real-time captioning in mainstream classrooms, examining both human-based captioning (CART — Communication Access Realtime Translation) and…

    deaf and hard of hearing · real-time captioning · CART · automatic speech recognition · education

  • SlidePacer: A Presentation Delivery Tool for Instructors of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students

    Alessandra Brandão, Hugo Nicolau, Shreya Tadas, Vicki L. Hanson · 2016 · ASSETS '16: Proceedings of the 18th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

    SlidePacer addresses a fundamental challenge for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) students in mainstream classrooms: the cognitive overload caused by splitting attention between multiple visual sources—instructor, slides, and sign language interpreter. Unlike previous classroom…

    deaf and hard of hearing · sign language interpreting · cognitive load · multimedia learning · classroom accessibility

  • SlidePacer: Improving Class Pace for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students

    Alessandra Brandao · 2015 · ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

    This short paper from Rochester Institute of Technology introduces SlidePacer, a prototype tool designed to synchronize PowerPoint slide transitions with sign language interpretation in university classrooms. The paper addresses a fundamental challenge for deaf and…

    deaf accessibility · sign language interpreters · education · classroom accessibility · multimedia learning

  • Tracked Speech-To-Text Display: Enhancing Accessibility and Readability of Real-Time Speech-To-Text

    Raja S. Kushalnagar, Gary W. Behm, Aaron W. Kelstone, Shareef Ali · 2015 · ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

    This research addresses a subtle but significant barrier facing deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students in educational settings: visual dispersion. While hearing students can simultaneously watch lecture visuals (slides, demonstrations, whiteboard) and listen to the speaker's…

    deaf and hard of hearing · speech-to-text · CART · captioning · education

  • Accessibility Evaluation of Classroom Captions

    Raja S. Kushalnagar, Walter S. Lasecki, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2014 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

    This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of real-time captioning approaches for classroom lectures, comparing Communication Access Realtime Translation (CART), Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), and a novel collaborative captioning system called Legion:Scribe. The authors…

    real-time captioning · deaf and hard of hearing · classroom accessibility · crowdsourcing · eye tracking

  • A Readability Evaluation of Real-Time Crowd Captions in the Classroom

    Raja S. Kushalnagar, Walter S. Lasecki, Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

    This paper evaluates the readability of real-time captions produced by three different approaches in a higher education classroom setting: professional CART (Communication Access Realtime Translation) captionists, automatic speech recognition (ASR), and a novel crowd captioning…

    real-time captioning · deaf and hard of hearing · crowdsourcing · classroom accessibility · higher education

  • Multi-View Platform: An Accessible Live Classroom Viewing Approach for Low Vision Students

    Raja S. Kushalnagar, Stephanie A. Ludie, Poorna Kushalnagar · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

    This paper presents a Multi-View Platform (MVP) that uses students' personal smartphones and tablets to provide low vision and deaf students with flexible, magnified views of classroom lecture visuals such as presentation slides and whiteboards. The system addresses a…

    low vision · education · classroom accessibility · mobile technology · magnification

  • Multiple View Perspectives: Improving Inclusiveness and Video Compression in Mainstream Classroom Recordings

    Raja S. Kushalnagar, Anna C. Cavender, Jehan-François Pâris · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

    This paper presents Multiple View Perspectives (MVP), a system that captures and presents multiple focused video views of a classroom for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students. DHH students in mainstream classrooms face a fundamental visual attention problem: they must…

    deaf and hard of hearing · lecture capture · video accessibility · classroom accessibility · sign language interpreting

  • ClassInFocus: Enabling Improved Visual Attention Strategies for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students

    Anna C. Cavender, Jeffrey P. Bigham, Richard E. Ladner · 2009 · Assets '09: Proceedings of the 11th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

    This paper presents ClassInFocus, a system designed to help deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students manage the demanding visual attention requirements of modern multi-modal classrooms. DHH students face a unique challenge: while hearing students can simultaneously listen to the…

    deaf and hard of hearing · classroom accessibility · visual attention · notifications · eye tracking

  • Enabling the Legally Blind in Classroom Note-Taking

    David Hayden, Dirk Colbry, John A. Black Jr, Sethuraman Panchanathan · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

    This paper demonstrates the CUbiC Note Taker, a portable assistive device developed at Arizona State University that enables students who are legally blind to independently take notes in classroom settings. The system addresses multiple limitations of existing accommodations:…

    low vision · legal blindness · assistive technology · education · note-taking

  • Note-Taker: Enabling Students Who Are Legally Blind to Take Notes in Class

    David Hayden, Dirk Colbry, John A. Black Jr, Sethuraman Panchanathan · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

    This full paper from Arizona State University presents the CUbiC Note-Taker in detail, including its motivation, design principles, and results from two extensive case studies totaling over 200 hours of in-class use. The paper opens with a compelling first-person account from…

    low vision · legal blindness · assistive technology · education · note-taking

13 results.