Glossary

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Content Extraction(also: Web Content Extraction, Text Extraction)

The process of separating meaningful content from the surrounding structural markup, navigation elements, and boilerplate text on a web page. For assistive technology users, content extraction is valuable because it allows them to focus on the substantive information on a page…

Conversational Search(also: conversational information retrieval, chat-based search)

Conversational search is an approach to information retrieval in which users interact with a system through natural language dialogue rather than keyword queries, enabling multi-turn exchanges that iteratively refine information needs. For accessibility, conversational search…

Coordinated Views(also: Linked Views, Coordinated Multiple Views, Brushing and Linking)

A data visualization technique in which multiple representations of the same dataset are displayed simultaneously and kept synchronized, so that actions in one view (such as selecting, filtering, or sorting) are immediately reflected in all other views. In accessible data…

Entity-Relationship Diagram(also: ER Diagram, ERD)

A type of relational diagram used in software engineering and database design to model the conceptual structure of a system by representing entities (objects or concepts), their attributes (properties), and the relationships between them. ER diagrams are widely used by system…

Floor Plan(also: Floor Map, Building Plan, Building Layout)

A floor plan is a scaled diagram of a room or building viewed from above, showing the arrangement of rooms, corridors, exits, and other spatial features. In accessibility contexts, floor plans present significant challenges for people with visual impairments because they are…

Geo-referenced Data(also: Geospatial Data, Geographic Data, Georeferenced Data)

Data that is associated with specific geographic locations or regions, such as population statistics by county, crime rates by neighbourhood, or election results by district. Geo-referenced data is typically presented on maps using visual encodings like colour gradients, which…

Information Representation(also: information artifact, knowledge representation)

An information representation is any structured artifact that encodes data or knowledge and allows people to interact with that content — examples include documents, spreadsheets, slideshows, diagrams, databases, and videos. Representations are fundamental to knowledge work…

Intention-Based Description(also: Intention-Based Graph Description, Purpose-Driven Description)

An approach to generating accessible descriptions of visual content (particularly graphs and data visualisations) that focuses on communicating what the creator intended to convey rather than exhaustively describing every visual element. In graph accessibility, intention-based…

Relational Diagram(also: Relational Information Display, RID)

A graphical representation that depicts items (nodes) and the relationships (links) between them using a two-dimensional spatial layout. Common forms include entity-relationship diagrams, flowcharts, state diagrams, network diagrams, and mind maps. Relational diagrams encode…

Representational Transformation(also: representation transformation, accessibility transformation)

Representational transformation is the process of modifying or re-creating a shared information artifact (such as a document, spreadsheet, diagram, or slideshow) to make it accessible to team members who cannot perceive or operate the original form. In mixed-ability teams,…

Statistical Graph(also: Statistical Chart, Data Graph, Quantitative Graph)

A visual representation of numerical or statistical data using geometric elements such as lines, bars, points, or areas to convey patterns, trends, relationships, and comparisons. Common types include line graphs (showing trends over time), bar charts (comparing categories), pie…

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