Glossary

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Video Conferencing(also: Videoconferencing, Video Teleconferencing, Video Call)

Real-time visual and audio communication between two or more people at different locations using video cameras, displays, and network connections. Video conferencing has significant accessibility implications: for Deaf and hard-of-hearing sign language users, it must provide…

Video Phone(also: Videophone, VP)

A telecommunications device that enables real-time video and audio communication between two or more parties. For Deaf and hard of hearing people, video phones are essential communication tools that allow conversation in sign language over distance, providing functional…

Video Relay Service(also: VRS)

A free, subscriber-based telecommunications service regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States that enables deaf individuals who use sign language to make phone calls to hearing individuals through a sign language interpreter via video link.…

Video intelligibility(also: Signal intelligibility, Visual signal clarity)

The degree to which a video signal can be perceived and understood by the viewer, determined by technical parameters including frame rate, bit rate, spatial resolution, and codec quality. Video intelligibility is distinct from comprehension — a viewer may perceive clear hand…

Video relay service(also: VRS)

A telecommunications service that enables deaf and hard-of-hearing sign language users to communicate with hearing people via telephone through a video link with a sign language interpreter. The deaf caller signs to the interpreter via video, and the interpreter speaks to the…

Voice over IP(also: VoIP, Internet Telephony, IP Telephony)

Technology that enables voice communication over internet protocol networks rather than traditional telephone lines. VoIP applications such as Skype, Zoom, and Teams allow voice and video calls over the internet at low cost. For accessibility, VoIP presents both opportunities…

Voice over Internet Protocol(also: VoIP, IP Telephony, Internet Calling)

Technology that enables voice communication over internet networks rather than traditional telephone lines. VoIP converts voice signals into digital packets transmitted over IP networks, enabling features like video calling, lower costs, and flexible integration with other…

Voice over LTE(also: VoLTE, LTE Voice, HD Voice)

A standard for transmitting voice calls over 4G LTE mobile networks using IP-based protocols rather than legacy circuit-switched networks. VoLTE typically uses the AMR-WB codec, enabling wideband HD voice quality that significantly benefits people with hearing loss. The improved…

Voicemail(also: Voice Mail, Voice Messaging)

Voicemail is a telecommunications service that records an audio message from a caller when the called party is unavailable, for later retrieval by the recipient. Accessibility considerations include: reliance on hearing to listen to messages (a barrier for Deaf and…

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