Glossary

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Macular Degeneration(also: AMD, Age-Related Macular Degeneration, ARMD)

A progressive eye condition affecting the macula — the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. It is the leading cause of severe vision loss in people over 50 in developed countries. Macular degeneration gradually destroys central vision while…

Macular Dystrophy(also: Macular Degeneration)

A group of inherited eye conditions that cause progressive damage to the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. Macular dystrophies, including Stargardt disease, result in reduced central vision while peripheral vision is typically…

Macular degeneration(also: AMD, Age-related macular degeneration, ARMD)

A progressive eye disease that damages the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. It is the leading cause of vision loss in people over 50, affecting central vision while typically leaving peripheral vision intact. This means people with…

Magnification inset(also: Magnified inset view, Zoom inset)

A user interface element that displays a magnified view of a specific region of content within a smaller window overlaid on the original view. Unlike full-screen magnification, an inset preserves the surrounding context while enlarging the area of interest. For low-vision users,…

Marburg Notation(also: Marburg Mathematical Notation, Marburg Braille)

A Braille-based mathematical notation system developed at the Deutsche Blindenstudienanstalt (German Institute for the Blind) in Marburg, Germany, and widely used in German-speaking countries for reading and writing mathematics. Marburg notation is a 6-dot Braille code optimized…

Math Accessibility(also: Mathematical Accessibility, STEM Accessibility)

The practice of making mathematical content — including formulae, equations, graphs, and geometric representations — accessible to people with disabilities, particularly those with visual impairments. Mathematical notation poses unique accessibility challenges because it is…

Meares-Irlen Syndrome(also: Irlen Syndrome, Visual Stress Syndrome, Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome)

Meares-Irlen Syndrome is a perceptual processing disorder that affects how the brain processes visual information, causing symptoms of visual stress including pattern glare, perceptual distortions, eye strain, headaches, and discomfort when reading. Unlike dyslexia, it is not a…

Mental Map(also: Cognitive Map, Mental Model of Space)

An internal cognitive representation of a physical environment, including spatial relationships, landmarks, routes, and distances. For people with blindness or visual impairments, building a mental map of a route before traveling is a critical strategy for independent mobility,…

Meta Ray-Ban Smart Glasses(also: Ray-Ban Meta, Meta Smart Glasses)

Consumer smart glasses produced through a partnership between Meta and Ray-Ban that integrate cameras, speakers, and microphones into a conventional eyewear form factor. When paired with Meta's Live AI feature, these glasses enable hands-free, voice-activated interaction with…

Myopia(also: Nearsightedness, Short-Sightedness)

A common refractive error in which the eye focuses light in front of the retina rather than on it, causing distant objects to appear blurred while near objects remain clear. Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, and affects an estimated 30% of…

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