Glossary
Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.
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- Verified Answer Marker(also: verified solution marker, accepted answer marker)
- A visible indicator on a forum or Q&A platform signalling that a particular reply has been confirmed as correct or useful — for example, Stack Overflow's green tick, Apple Discussion Forums' top-ranked reply, or moderator-endorsed 'solution' badges. Verified markers reduce the…
- Violation Score(also: Accessibility Score, A11y Score)
- A numerical metric used to quantify the severity and prevalence of accessibility violations on a web page or within a dataset. Violation scores typically map qualitative impact levels (cosmetic, minor, moderate, serious, critical) to numerical values, enabling quantitative…
- Violation Severity(also: Accessibility Violation Severity, Barrier Severity)
- A measure of how significantly an accessibility violation impacts users with disabilities, typically rated on a scale from no violation to critical barrier. In accessibility evaluation, violation severity helps prioritize remediation efforts by distinguishing between minor…
- Vision User(also: VU, Sighted User)
- A person who primarily uses vision to access digital content, interacting with web pages and applications through visual scanning, mouse/trackpad pointing, and visual recognition of interface elements. Vision users can rapidly skim content, identify relevant elements through…
- Vision-based Page Segmentation(also: VIPS)
- A web page segmentation algorithm that uses both the source code and the visual presentation of a web page to divide it into hierarchical visual blocks. VIPS produces a tree structure where the root node represents the entire page and leaf nodes represent the smallest meaningful…
- Visual Fragmentation(also: Visual Grouping, Visually Fragmented Grouping)
- The design practice of organizing web page content into distinct visual groups using layout techniques such as background colors, tables, spacing, horizontal lines, and borders. Sighted users perceive these groupings at a glance and understand their roles (navigation, main…
- Visual Skimming(also: Visual Scanning, Page Scanning)
- The rapid visual process of scanning a page to quickly identify relevant content, key information, and areas of interest without reading every word. Sighted users can typically assess a webpage's relevance in about five seconds through visual skimming, guided by visual…
- Voice Augmentation(also: Audio Augmentation, Voice-Based Augmentation)
- A technique for enhancing user interfaces by adding spoken audio feedback to supplement visual information on screen. Voice augmentation provides contextual support through spoken confirmations of user input, notifications of errors or status changes, suggestions for next…
- Voice Browser(also: Voice Web Browser, Audio Browser)
- A voice browser is a type of web browser that presents web content through speech output and accepts voice or keyboard input rather than relying on visual display. Voice browsers convert web page content to synthesized speech using text-to-speech technology, allowing users who…
- Voice Usability(also: Auditory Usability, Non-Visual Web Usability)
- The degree to which a web page, application, or document is usable when accessed through a voice browser or screen reader — the audio-first counterpart to traditional visual usability. Voice usability combines structural quality (navigability — how quickly a user can reach…
- VoiceXML(also: Voice Extensible Markup Language, VXML)
- VoiceXML (Voice Extensible Markup Language) is a W3C standard markup language for creating voice-based user interfaces, particularly interactive voice response (IVR) systems and voice browsers. VoiceXML allows developers to define dialogs between a user and a system using…
- Voicemarking(also: Voice Bookmark, Speech-Based Bookmark)
- A speech-based technique for creating and retrieving semantic bookmarks in assistive web browsers. Users create voicemarks by speaking the name of a concept (e.g., "Major Headlines") and optionally a keyword, allowing them to later jump directly to that content on any website…
- VoxLens
- An open-source JavaScript plug-in developed at the University of Washington that improves the accessibility of online data visualizations for screen-reader users through a multimodal approach. VoxLens provides three interaction modes: a Question-and-Answer mode where users can…
13 results.