Glossary

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Scalable Vector Graphics(also: SVG)

An XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics that supports interactivity and animation. Unlike bitmap formats (JPEG, PNG, GIF) which store images as grids of pixels, SVG describes shapes, paths, and text mathematically, allowing images to scale without loss of…

Search Engine Accessibility(also: Accessible Search)

The usability and accessibility of search engine interfaces and results for people with disabilities, particularly blind and visually impaired users who interact via screen readers. Search engines present unique accessibility challenges because their interfaces combine complex…

Search Engine Optimization(also: SEO)

Search engine optimization (SEO) is the practice of improving a website's visibility and ranking in search engine results through techniques such as using descriptive page titles, meaningful headings, alt text for images, descriptive link text, and structured markup. Many SEO…

Semantic Abstraction

The practice of defining interface elements, content, or interactions by their meaning and purpose rather than their specific visual or physical presentation. In accessibility, semantic abstraction is a foundational principle — semantic HTML elements like nav, main, and button…

Semantic Description(also: SD, Navigational Semantic Description)

A formal representation of the meaningful structure and navigational relationships within a complex document component such as an HTML table, frame, or XML fragment. Semantic descriptions capture what groups of content mean and how they relate to each other, going beyond…

Semantic Enrichment(also: Semantic Annotation, Semantic Markup Enhancement)

Semantic enrichment is the process of adding meaningful structural and contextual information to content that may lack it in its original representation. In the context of web accessibility, this often involves augmenting presentation-oriented markup with data attributes or…

Shadow Page(also: Shadow Site, Text-Only Alternative)

A separate, simplified version of a web page created specifically to meet accessibility requirements, typically offering a text-only or reduced-complexity version of the original content. While shadow pages can address some accessibility barriers, they are generally considered a…

Single Page Application(also: SPA)

A web application architecture that dynamically updates page content in response to user interactions without requiring a full page reload, instead using JavaScript to modify the Document Object Model (DOM) and fetch data asynchronously. SPAs present unique accessibility…

Single-Page Application(also: SPA)

A web application that loads a single HTML document and dynamically updates its content through JavaScript without requiring full page reloads. SPAs use client-side routing and AJAX requests to fetch data and render new views within the same page, creating a more fluid,…

Syntactic Accessibility(also: Technical Accessibility)

The dimension of web accessibility concerned with the correctness of code sent to the browser and assistive technologies. Syntactic accessibility focuses on whether HTML markup, ARIA attributes, and other technical elements conform to standards so that content can be properly…

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