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• LocalEyes: Accessible GPS and Points of Interest

  Jason Behmer, Stillman Knox · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This student research paper presents LocalEyes, an open-source Android application that provides accessible GPS and points-of-interest information for blind and low-vision users. The authors identify that existing accessible GPS devices like the Trekker Talking GPS cost between…

  visual impairment · GPS navigation · mobile accessibility · points of interest · wayfinding

• Helping Older Adults Locate 'Lost' Cursors Using FieldMouse

  Nic Hollinworth · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This short paper describes FieldMouse, a modified standard optical mouse augmented with a touch sensor (Quantum QT110) embedded in its top surface to detect when a user grasps the mouse after releasing it. The motivation addresses a common problem among older adult computer…

  aging · mouse cursor · pointing devices · input devices · assistive technology

• Guideline Aggregation: Web Accessibility Evaluation for Older Users

  Giorgio Brajnik, Yeliz Yesilada, Simon Harper · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper proposes using set theory to create an aggregated accessibility evaluation category for older users by combining barrier types identified for motor impaired and low vision users within the Barrier Walkthrough (BW) method. Traditional validation approaches treat…

  older users · accessibility evaluation · barrier walkthrough · low vision · motor impairment

• Freedom to Roam: A Study of Mobile Device Adoption and Accessibility for People with Visual and Motor Disabilities

  Shaun K. Kane, Chandrika Jayant, Jacob O. Wobbrock, Richard E. Ladner · 2009 · Proceedings of the 11th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '09)

  This paper presents a two-method qualitative study examining how people with visual and motor disabilities select, adapt, and use mobile devices in their daily lives. The researchers interviewed 20 participants (ages 20-66) with visual disabilities (blindness, low vision) and…

  mobile accessibility · visual impairment · motor impairment · blindness · low vision

• Enabling the Legally Blind in Classroom Note-Taking

  David Hayden, Dirk Colbry, John A. Black Jr, Sethuraman Panchanathan · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This paper demonstrates the CUbiC Note Taker, a portable assistive device developed at Arizona State University that enables students who are legally blind to independently take notes in classroom settings. The system addresses multiple limitations of existing accommodations:…

  low vision · legal blindness · assistive technology · education · note-taking

• Note-Taker: Enabling Students Who Are Legally Blind to Take Notes in Class

  David Hayden, Dirk Colbry, John A. Black Jr, Sethuraman Panchanathan · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This full paper from Arizona State University presents the CUbiC Note-Taker in detail, including its motivation, design principles, and results from two extensive case studies totaling over 200 hours of in-class use. The paper opens with a compelling first-person account from…

  low vision · legal blindness · assistive technology · education · note-taking

• Evaluation of Onscreen Precompensation Algorithms for Computer Users with Visual Aberrations

  Miguel Alonso, Armando Barreto, Julie A. Jacko, Malek Adjouadi · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  This paper from Florida International University and Georgia Institute of Technology presents the results of human subject testing of precompensation algorithms designed to improve onscreen image quality for computer users with visual aberrations. The approach works analogously…

  low vision · visual aberration · precompensation · image processing · deconvolution

• A Multi-domain Approach for Enhancing Text Display for Users with Visual Aberrations

  Miguel Alonso, Armando Barreto, Julie A. Jacko, Malek Adjouadi · 2006 · Proceedings of the 8th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '06)

  This paper from Florida International University and Georgia Institute of Technology presents an algorithm for enhancing text displayed on computer screens for users with high-order visual aberrations such as keratoconus — conditions that cannot be fully corrected with standard…

  low vision · visual aberrations · image processing · pre-compensation · refractive errors

• Usability and Accessibility Issues in the Localization of Assistive Technology

  Ira Jhangiani · 2006 · Proceedings of the 8th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '06)

  This doctoral consortium paper from Virginia Polytechnic Institute examines the usability and accessibility challenges that arise when assistive technology software designed in one country is localized for users with disabilities in another. The research evaluates a portable…

  assistive technology · localization · internationalization · usability · low vision

• Do Text Transcoders Improve Usability for Disabled Users?

  Giorgio Brajnik, Daniela Cancila, Daniela Nicoli, Mery Pignatelli · 2005 · Proceedings of the 2005 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents the first scientific user study examining whether text transcoders — proxy-based systems that dynamically transform web pages into text-only versions — actually improve usability for disabled users. Text transcoders strip images, JavaScript, multimedia, and…

  text transcoding · usability testing · accessibility overlays · screen readers · low vision

• Verification of Computer Display Pre-compensation for Visual Aberrations in an Artificial Eye

  Miguel Alonso Jr., Armando Barreto, Julie A. Jacko, Malek Adjouadi · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper presents experimental verification that computer display images can be pre-compensated to counteract the visual aberrations present in an optical system, specifically tested using a constructed artificial eye. The research builds on earlier theoretical work by Alonso…

  low vision · image processing · display technology · visual impairment · optical devices

• The User Experience: Designs and Adaptations

  Vicki L. Hanson · 2004 · Proceedings of the 2004 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This keynote-style paper from IBM's Watson Research Center by Vicki Hanson argues that web accessibility standards and guidelines, while necessary, do not guarantee a usable or satisfying experience for people with disabilities. The paper distinguishes between accessibility…

  low vision · aging · cognitive accessibility · user experience · personalization

• Strategic Design for Users with Diabetic Retinopathy: Factors Influencing Performance in a Menu-Selection Task

  Paula J. Edwards, Leon Barnard, V. Kathlene Emery, Ji Soo Yi, Kevin P. Moloney, Thitima Kongnakorn, Julie A. Jacko, François Sainfort, Pamela R. Oliver, Joseph Pizzimenti, Annette Bade, Greg Fecho, Josephine Shallo-Hoffmann · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper examines how interface design features affect menu selection performance for users with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a progressive eye condition affecting 40-45% of the approximately 18 million Americans with diabetes. The study involved 25 volunteers from Nova…

  diabetic retinopathy · low vision · visual impairment · multimodal feedback · menu design

• Image Pre-Compensation to Facilitate Computer Access for Users with Refractive Errors

  Miguel Alonso, Armando Barreto, J. Gualberto Cremades · 2003 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '04)

  This paper presents a novel approach to improving computer access for people with refractive visual errors by pre-compensating displayed images using knowledge of the user's specific optical aberration. The core insight is that the human eye can be modelled as a Linear Time…

  low vision · visual impairment · refractive error · image processing · visual acuity

• Low Vision: The Role of Visual Acuity in the Efficiency of Cursor Movement

  Julie A. Jacko, Armando B. Barreto, Gottlieb J. Marmet, Josey Y. M. Chu, Holly S. Bautsch, Ingrid U. Scott, Robert H. Rosa · 2000 · Proceedings of the Fourth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '00)

  This study investigates how visual acuity affects cursor movement efficiency for users with Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of visual impairment for Americans aged 75 and older. The researchers note that while existing accessibility research has focused…

  low vision · age-related macular degeneration · cursor movement · graphical user interface · icon size

• A Framework of Assistive Pointers for Low Vision Users

  Julie Fraser, Carl Gutwin · 2000 · Proceedings of the Fourth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '00)

  This paper from the University of Saskatchewan proposes a four-dimensional framework for systematically exploring the design space of assistive mouse pointers for low vision computer users. The authors argue that while various pointer assistance techniques exist — such as…

  low vision · mouse pointer · cursor movement · screen magnification · design frameworks

• Designing Interfaces for an Overlooked User Group: Considering the Visual Profiles of Partially Sighted Users

  Julie A. Jacko, Andrew Sears · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This position paper argues that partially sighted computer users represent a critically underserved population in interface design research. The authors identify a gap between two groups that have received significant attention — fully sighted users and totally blind users —…

  low vision · visual impairment · partial vision · visual profile · graphical user interface accessibility

• Adaptation of a Cash Dispenser to the Needs of Blind and Visually Impaired People

  Jens M. Manzke · 1998 · Proceedings of the Third International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '98)

  This paper from ETH Zurich describes the software adaptation of an Olivetti cash dispenser (ATM) to make it accessible to blind and visually impaired people, conducted as part of Switzerland's Walk-up-and-use Technology initiative. The key constraint was that no hardware…

  ATM accessibility · self-service terminals · blind users · low vision · speech output

• LVRS: the low vision research system

  M. Krell · 1994 · Proceedings of the First Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '94)

  This 1994 paper introduces the Low Vision Research System (LVRS), a computer-based research tool designed for vision researchers developing vision enhancement systems for people with low vision. The system comprises three integrated components: warping software that can…

  low vision · vision enhancement · image processing · image warping · digital video