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• Improving the Efficacy of Automated Sign Language Practice Tools

  Helene Brashear · 2007 · SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing

  This paper describes dissertation research on improving automatic sign language recognition for CopyCat, an interactive computer game that helps young deaf children practice American Sign Language (ASL). The work addresses a critical need: 90% of deaf children are born to…

  sign language · sign language detection · gesture-based interaction · computer vision · machine learning

• The HearSay Non-Visual Web Browser

  Yevgen Borodin, Jalal Mahmud, I. V. Ramakrishnan, Amanda Stent · 2007 · Proceedings of the 2007 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents the original HearSay non-visual web browser (version 1/2), developed at Stony Brook University in collaboration with the Helen Keller Services for the Blind. HearSay is a free, open-source, cross-platform browser written in Java that uses Mozilla for web…

  non-visual web browser · screen readers · blind users · web accessibility · natural language processing

• Increasing Web Accessibility by Automatically Judging Alternative Text Quality

  Jeffrey P. Bigham · 2007 · Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI 2007)

  This paper presents a machine learning classifier that can automatically judge whether alternative text assigned to web images is appropriate or inappropriate, using contextual features rather than visual analysis of the image itself. The research addresses a persistent web…

  alternative text · web accessibility · machine learning · screen readers · automated testing

• Improving Accessibility of HTML Documents by Generating Image-Tags in a Proxy

  Daniel Keysers, Marius Renn, Thomas M. Breuel · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  This paper from the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) and Technical University Kaiserslautern presents a system that automatically generates ALT tags for images on web pages by analysing image contents through a web proxy. The system addresses the…

  automatic alt text · image accessibility · web accessibility · computer vision · image retrieval

• Information overload in non-visual web transaction: context analysis spells relief

  Jalal Mahmud · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster paper from Jalal Mahmud at Stony Brook University describes ongoing PhD research into reducing the information overload that blind users experience when completing multi-step web transactions — shopping, registrations, bill payments — using a screen…

  screen readers · non-visual web access · web page segmentation · context analysis · web transactions

• Comparing speaker-dependent and speaker-adaptive acoustic models for recognizing dysarthric speech

  Frank Rudzicz · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster from Frank Rudzicz at the University of Toronto compares two strategies for building automatic speech recognition (ASR) acoustic models that work for people with dysarthria — a set of motor speech disorders that produces speech with high intra- and…

  dysarthria · automatic speech recognition · acoustic model · speaker adaptation · hidden Markov model

• Automated tactile graphics translation: in the field

  Chandrika Jayant, Matt Renzelmann, Dana Wen, Satria Krisnandi, Richard Ladner, Dan Comden · 2007 · Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  This paper describes two years of field work extending the Tactile Graphics Assistant (TGA), a system developed at the University of Washington to automate the translation of figures from mathematics, science, and engineering (STEM) textbooks into embossed tactile graphics for…

  tactile graphics · Braille · STEM accessibility · blindness and low vision · image processing

• Dialog Generation for Voice Browsing

  Zan Sun, Amanda Stent, I. V. Ramakrishnan · 2006 · Proceedings of the 2006 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A): Building the Mobile Web: Rediscovering Accessibility?

  This paper presents HearSay, a voice browser system developed at Stony Brook University that provides speech-driven web access for people with visual disabilities. Unlike conventional screen readers that force users to arrow through a linearized, single-column presentation of…

  voice browsing · screen readers · visual impairment · web page segmentation · content summarization

• Accessibility Evaluation based on Machine Learning Technique

  Daisuke Sato, Hironobu Takagi, Chieko Asakawa · 2006 · Proceedings of the 8th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '06)

  This paper from IBM Tokyo Research Lab proposes using machine learning to evaluate the accessibility of presentation documents, addressing a gap where traditional rule-based checking tools are insufficient. The authors argue that presentation documents are fundamentally…

  automated testing · machine learning · presentation accessibility · accessibility evaluation · support vector machine

• Automatically Generating Custom User Interfaces for Users with Physical Disabilities

  Krzysztof Z. Gajos, Jing Jing Long, Daniel S. Weld · 2006 · Proceedings of the 8th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '06)

  This paper presents SUPPLE, a system that automatically generates custom graphical user interfaces tailored to individual users' physical capabilities. Standard desktop GUIs are optimised for typical users interacting via keyboard, mouse, and standard-sized displays, creating a…

  adaptive interface · automatic UI generation · motor impairment · visual impairment · machine learning

• Automating Tactile Graphics Translation

  Richard E. Ladner, Melody Y. Ivory, Rajesh Rao, Sheryl Burgstahler, Dan Comden, Sangyun Hahn, Matthew Renzelmann, Satria Krisnandi, Mahalakshmi Ramasamy, Beverly Slabosky, Andrew Martin, Amelia Lacenski, Stuart Olsen, Dmitri Groce · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper addresses the critical shortage of tactile graphics available to blind students in mathematics, science, and engineering (MSE) courses. Postsecondary science textbooks may have images on half their pages — sometimes up to 500 images per book — yet these graphical…

  tactile graphics · braille · STEM accessibility · image processing · machine learning

• A Gesture Recognition Architecture for Sign Language

  Annelies Braffort · 1996 · Proceedings of the Second Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '96)

  This paper from LIMSI-CNRS in France presents a gesture recognition architecture specifically designed for sign languages, grounded in a detailed linguistic analysis of French Sign Language (LSF). The key insight is that sign languages differ fundamentally from oral languages in…

  sign language · gesture recognition · French Sign Language · data glove · sign language recognition

• EEG as a means of communication: preliminary experiments in EEG analysis using neural networks

  Charles W. Anderson, Saikumar V. Devulapalli, Erik A. Stolz · 1994 · Proceedings of the First Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '94)

  This paper explores the use of electroencephalography (EEG) as a communication channel for paralyzed individuals, representing early brain-computer interface (BCI) research. The core premise is that if distinct mental states can be reliably identified through EEG pattern…

  brain-computer interface · electroencephalography · neural network · machine learning · paralysis