Glossary

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Maker Education(also: Making, Maker Movement, Makerspace Education)

An educational approach that emphasizes hands-on learning through designing, building, and debugging physical artifacts using tools such as electronics, 3D printers, laser cutters, and microcontrollers. Maker education connects theoretical knowledge with practical skills by…

Method cards(also: Design method cards, Ideation cards)

Structured design tools consisting of cards that present scenarios, questions, or prompts to guide designers through specific aspects of the design process. In accessibility contexts, method cards present concrete situations experienced by people with disabilities to help…

Mixed-Ability(also: Mixed-Ability Environment, Mixed-Ability Workplace, Mixed-Ability Setting)

A social environment, workplace, or group where people with and without disabilities interact, collaborate, or share space. In mixed-ability settings, accessibility becomes a social and collaborative concern rather than just a technical one—assistive technologies that work well…

Mixed-Ability Interaction(also: Mixed-Ability Play, Mixed-Visual-Ability, Cross-Ability Interaction)

Social interactions, activities, or collaborative experiences involving people with different levels of ability, such as sighted and visually impaired people playing a game together, or wheelchair users and ambulatory people sharing a physical activity. In the context of…

Mixed-Ability Team(also: Mixed-Ability Group, Mixed-Abilities Team)

A team or group composed of people with a variety of abilities, including disabled and non-disabled members who may have different sensory, motor, cognitive, or other access needs. Mixed-ability teams face unique coordination challenges because accommodations for one member may…

Mixed-Hearing Environment(also: Mixed-Ability Hearing Space, Mixed-Hearing Performance Space)

A setting in which people with varying levels of hearing ability—including Deaf, Hard of Hearing, and hearing individuals—participate together in shared activities such as music performance, collaboration, or learning. Mixed-hearing environments present unique challenges…

Mixed-ability play(also: Inclusive play, Mixed-ability gaming)

Game design that enables meaningful shared play experiences between people with and without disabilities, ensuring that ability differences do not prevent enjoyable social interaction. Mixed-ability play requires careful balancing of challenge levels, input modalities, and…

Mobile Makerspace(also: Maker Van, Makerspace on Wheels, Mobile Maker Lab)

A portable makerspace housed in a vehicle or transportable unit that brings making tools, materials, and activities to different locations rather than requiring participants to travel to a fixed facility. Mobile makerspaces are particularly valuable for reaching underserved or…

Multi-Sensory Design(also: Multisensory Experience, Multi-Sensory Accessibility)

Multi-sensory design is an approach to creating experiences, environments, or products that engage multiple senses—touch, hearing, smell, taste, and sight—rather than relying predominantly on vision. In accessibility, multi-sensory design is essential for making visual content…

Multimodal Output(also: Multi-Modal Output, Cross-Modal Output)

The simultaneous presentation of information through multiple sensory channels or formats, such as audio, visual, tactile, and text-to-speech, allowing users to choose the modality or combination of modalities that best suits their abilities and preferences. In accessible…

Multimodal workshop materials(also: Multi-sensory workshop materials)

Physical materials designed for workshops or educational settings that convey the same content through multiple sensory channels — such as combining visual (large print, high contrast), tactile (braille, embossed textures, 3D printed objects), and auditory (NFC-triggered audio,…

Multiple Impairments(also: Multiple Disabilities, Complex Disabilities, Co-occurring Impairments)

The presence of two or more concurrent impairments — such as sensory, cognitive, physical, or neurological — in a single individual that together create complex accessibility needs not adequately addressed by solutions designed for any single impairment alone. Research shows…

Multisensory Experience(also: Multi-Sensory Experience, Multisensory Design)

An experience designed to engage multiple senses simultaneously, including touch, hearing, smell, taste, and proprioception, rather than relying primarily on vision. In accessibility contexts, multisensory design is essential for creating inclusive experiences that people with…

Music Accessibility(also: Accessible Music, Musical Accessibility)

The practice of making musical experiences — including listening, performing, composing, and learning — available to people with disabilities. Music accessibility encompasses a wide range of approaches, from sensory substitution technologies that convert sound to vibration or…

Musical Accessibility(also: Music Accessibility)

The design and practice of making music creation, performance, learning, and appreciation available to people with disabilities. Musical accessibility spans multiple research communities including Human-Computer Interaction and New Interfaces for Musical Expression, addressing…

Mutual Support(also: Mutual support in HRI, Mutual assistance)

In accessibility and human-robot interaction research, a framing that moves beyond one-way robot-supports-user or user-supervises-robot models toward a bidirectional relationship in which each party compensates for the other's limitations. For a blind user travelling with an…

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