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Glossary

Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.

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MIDI(also: Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
A technical standard for communication between electronic musical instruments, computers, and related audio devices. MIDI transmits digital messages representing musical events like note-on, note-off, velocity, and control changes rather than audio signals. Because MIDI data is…
Music Braille(also: Braille Music, Braille Music Notation)
A tactile music notation system that uses combinations of braille dots to represent musical elements including pitch, duration, dynamics, tempo markings, and other performance instructions. Music braille allows blind and low-vision musicians to read musical scores through touch.…
Music GenAI(also: Generative Music AI, AI Music Generation)
Generative AI systems that produce musical output — melodies, full songs, instrumental accompaniment, or vocal tracks — from text prompts, seed audio, or structured parameters. Examples include Suno, Udio, MusicLM, and MusicGen. In accessibility and therapy contexts, music GenAI…
Music Information Retrieval(also: MIR)
An interdisciplinary field focused on extracting, analyzing, and organizing information from music data. Music information retrieval encompasses tasks like automatic transcription, genre classification, melody extraction, beat tracking, and music recommendation. For…
Music Visualisation(also: Music Visualization, Sound Visualisation, Audio Visualisation)
The representation of musical or audio content through visual media such as drawings, animations, colour changes, or motion graphics. Music visualisation is an important accessibility strategy for deaf and hearing-impaired people, enabling them to perceive and engage with…
MusicXML
An open, XML-based standard format for representing Western musical notation, enabling the exchange of sheet music between different music notation software applications. MusicXML encodes the structural and visual elements of a musical score in a machine-readable format, making…
Musicking
A term coined by musicologist Christopher Small to describe music as an activity or process rather than a thing. Musicking encompasses all participation in a musical performance—playing, listening, dancing, composing, practicing, and providing the setting—and emphasizes that…

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