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• Wizard-of-Oz Test of ARTUR: a Computer-Based Speech Training System with Articulation Correction

  Olle Bälter, Olov Engwall, Anne-Marie Öster, Hedvig Kjellström · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper from KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm presents a Wizard-of-Oz evaluation of ARTUR (the ARticulation TUtoR), a computer-based speech training system designed to help children with language disorders improve their articulation. ARTUR's distinguishing…

  speech technology · speech training · articulation · language disorder · child development

• An Adaptive Technologies Course in a CS Curriculum

  Blaise W. Liffick · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This poster paper from Millersville University describes part two of an NSF-funded project to integrate assistive technology (AT) into an undergraduate computer science curriculum through an HCI approach. The author argues that computer professionals have expertise in developing…

  accessibility education · computer science curriculum · assistive technology · human-computer interaction · professional development

• Gestural Text Entry on Multiple Devices

  Jacob O. Wobbrock, Brad A. Myers · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper from Carnegie Mellon University presents adaptations of the EdgeWrite unistroke text entry method across multiple computer input devices: styluses, touchpads, displacement and isometric joysticks, four keys or buttons, and trackballs. EdgeWrite was originally designed…

  text entry · input methods · motor accessibility · gestural input · EdgeWrite

• Talking Braille: A Wireless Ubiquitous Computing Network for Orientation and Wayfinding

  David A. Ross, Alexander Lightman · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper presents the design and initial evaluation of the Talking Braille system, a wireless ubiquitous computing network designed to help people with vision loss navigate indoor public spaces. The system is built around the "Cyber Crumb" concept: tiny, inexpensive…

  wayfinding · orientation · blindness · ubiquitous computing · indoor navigation

• User Modeling for Individuals with Disabilities: A Pilot Study of Word Prediction

  Abhishek Agarwal, Richard Simpson · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This short paper describes the development of user models that predict how word prediction (WP) systems affect text entry performance for individuals with disabilities. The research addresses a practical clinical problem: clinicians who assess assistive technology for clients…

  word prediction · user modeling · assistive technology · text entry · eye tracking

• How to Operate a PC Without Using the Hands

  Torsten Felzer, Rainer Nordmann · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This demo paper presents HaMCoS (Hands-free Mouse Control System), a biosignal interface developed at Darmstadt University of Technology that enables people with severe physical disabilities to operate a Windows PC using intentional contractions of a single muscle of choice —…

  biosignal interface · EMG · hands-free operation · mouse emulation · motor disability

• A Wearable Face Recognition System for Individuals with Visual Impairments

  Sreekar Krishna, Greg Little, John Black, Sethuraman Panchanathan · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper presents the iCare Interaction Assistant, a wearable face recognition system developed at Arizona State University's Center for Cognitive Ubiquitous Computing (CUbiC) to help people who are visually impaired identify individuals during social interactions. The system…

  face recognition · wearable computing · blindness · computer vision · social interaction

• Universal Designs versus Assistive Technologies: Research Agendas and Practical Applications

  Chris Law, Julie Jacko, Bill Peterson, Jim Tobias · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This panel paper frames the tensions between Universal Design (UD) and Assistive Technology (AT) approaches to making Information and Computing Technologies (ICT) accessible. The panel brought together perspectives from academia (Julie Jacko, Chris Law), government (Bill…

  universal design · assistive technology · accessibility policy · inclusive design · ICT accessibility

• The semantic web, web accessibility, and device independence

  Lisa Seeman · 2004 · Proceedings of the 2004 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  Written by Lisa Seeman of UB Access, this paper argues that Semantic Web technologies — particularly RDF (Resource Description Framework) annotations — can dramatically improve web accessibility beyond what WCAG guidelines alone can achieve, especially for people with learning…

  semantic web · RDF · cognitive accessibility · learning disabilities · personalization

• Text Entry from Power Wheelchairs: EdgeWrite for Joysticks and Touchpads

  Jacob O. Wobbrock, Brad A. Myers, Htet Htet Aung, Edmund F. LoPresti · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper presents two adaptations of EdgeWrite, a gestural text entry method originally designed as a stylus-based unistroke technique for people with tremor, reconfigured for use with power wheelchair joysticks and touchpads. The research addresses a significant gap in…

  text entry · motor accessibility · power wheelchair · joystick · touchpad

• Automating Accessibility: The Dynamic Keyboard

  Shari Trewin · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper presents the Dynamic Keyboard, a self-adaptive software agent developed at IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center that continuously and automatically adjusts keyboard accessibility settings to match the current user's typing patterns. The system addresses a bootstrapping…

  keyboard accessibility · adaptive systems · motor accessibility · input methods · self-adaptive system

• A Web Accessibility Service: Update and Findings

  Vicki L. Hanson, John T. Richards · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper reports on the evolution of IBM's Web Accessibility Service from a proxy server prototype (presented at Assets 2002) to a client-side architecture that transforms web pages on the fly to meet the needs of older adults and people with disabilities. The original proxy…

  web accessibility · web adaptation · aging · assistive technology · personalization

• EyeDraw: A System for Drawing Pictures with Eye Movements

  Anthony Hornof, Anna Cavender, Rob Hoselton · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper presents EyeDraw, a software program that enables children with severe mobility impairments to draw pictures using only their eye movements tracked by an LC Technologies Eyegaze eye tracker. The system is designed to provide creative developmental experiences…

  eye tracking · gaze input · motor accessibility · children · creative arts

• UMA: A System for Universal Mathematics Accessibility

  A. I. Karshmer, G. Gupta, E. Pontelli, K. Miesenberger, N. Ammalai, D. Gopal, M. Batusic, B. Stöger, B. Palmer, H-F. Guo · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper presents the Universal Mathematics Accessibility (UMA) system, a multi-institution collaboration to make mathematical content interoperable between the notation systems used by blind and sighted individuals. The fundamental problem is that blind mathematicians use…

  mathematical accessibility · braille · visual impairment · STEM accessibility · MathML

• The Ethnographically Informed Participatory Design of a PDA Application to Support Communication

  Rhian Davies, Skip Marcella, Joanna McGrenere, Barbara Purves · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper describes an ethnographically informed participatory design process for creating a PDA-based file management system to support communication for a person with aphasia. The research was conducted at the University of British Columbia with one primary participant, SM, a…

  aphasia · augmentative and alternative communication · participatory design · ethnography · mobile technology

• A Galvanic Skin Response Interface for People with Severe Motor Disabilities

  Melody M. Moore, Umang Dua · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper explores the use of Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) — changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin caused by sweat gland activity linked to the sympathetic nervous system — as a non-muscular input channel for people with locked-in syndrome. The research was…

  locked-in syndrome · galvanic skin response · brain-computer interface · biometric control · ALS

• Image Pre-Compensation to Facilitate Computer Access for Users with Refractive Errors

  Miguel Alonso, Armando Barreto, J. Gualberto Cremades · 2003 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '04)

  This paper presents a novel approach to improving computer access for people with refractive visual errors by pre-compensating displayed images using knowledge of the user's specific optical aberration. The core insight is that the human eye can be modelled as a Linear Time…

  low vision · visual impairment · refractive error · image processing · visual acuity

• visiBabble for Reinforcement of Early Vocalization

  Harriet Fell, Cynthia Cress, Joel MacAuslan, Linda Ferrier · 2003 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '04)

  This paper presents visiBabble, a real-time system that detects syllable-like vocalizations in infant babbling and responds with brightly coloured animations as visual reinforcement. The system targets infants at risk for speech impairments due to conditions such as cerebral…

  early intervention · speech and language · child development · acoustic analysis · developmental disabilities

• MEMOS: An Interactive Assistive System for Prospective Memory Deficit Compensation — Architecture and Functionality

  Hendrik Schulze · 2003 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '04)

  This paper presents MEMOS (Mobile Extensible Memory Aid System), a distributed electronic memory aid designed to compensate for prospective memory deficits following brain injury. Prospective memory — the ability to remember future intentions and tasks — is a frequent and…

  cognitive prosthetics · memory · brain injury · mobile technology · assistive technology

• Zooming Interfaces! Enhancing the Performance of Eye Controlled Pointing Devices

  Richard Bates, Howell Istance · 2002 · Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '02)

  This paper from De Montfort University quantifies the performance problems of eye-based pointing on standard graphical user interfaces and demonstrates that adding a zoom facility dramatically improves usability. The researchers identified three fundamental challenges with…

  eye tracking · pointing devices · assistive technology · motor disability · zoom interface

• A New Generation of Communication Aids under the ULYSSES Component-Based Framework

  Georgios Kouroupetroglou, Alexandros Pino · 2002 · Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '02)

  This paper from the University of Athens introduces ULYSSES, a component-based software framework for building customisable AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication) devices. The core problem ULYSSES addresses is that AAC users have highly diverse and individual needs —…

  augmentative and alternative communication · component-based framework · software engineering · assistive technology · speech synthesis

• Speech-Based Cursor Control

  Azfar S. Karimullah, Andrew Sears · 2002 · Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '02)

  This paper from UMBC investigates the effectiveness of speech-based cursor control for navigating graphical user interfaces, comparing a standard cursor with a predictive cursor designed to compensate for speech recognition delays. While speech recognition is well-studied for…

  speech recognition · cursor control · motor disability · pointing devices · assistive technology

• An Invisible Keyguard

  Shari Trewin · 2002 · Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '02)

  This paper from IBM T.J. Watson Research Center presents OverlapKeys, a software-based alternative to physical keyguards that filters overlap typing errors — instances where two keys are pressed simultaneously when only one was intended. Overlap errors are common among keyboard…

  keyboard accessibility · motor disability · typing errors · input filtering · assistive technology

• From Assistive Technology to a Web Accessibility Service

  Peter G. Fairweather, Vicki L. Hanson, Sam R. Detweiler, Richard S. Schwerdtfeger · 2002 · Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets 02)

  This paper from IBM Research examines the challenge of making the increasingly complex World Wide Web accessible to people with sensory, cognitive, and motor disabilities. The authors argue that while evolving web architectures — moving from simple HTML pages to dynamically…

  web accessibility · assistive technology · adaptive interfaces · web services · proxy-based accessibility

• Multimodal Feedback: Establishing a Performance Baseline for Improved Access by Individuals with Visual Impairments

  Holly S. Vitense, Julie A. Jacko, V. Kathlene Emery · 2002 · Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets 02)

  This study investigates how different combinations of auditory, haptic, and visual feedback affect the performance of fully sighted users during a complex direct manipulation task. The researchers designed the study as a baseline from which to later compare the performance of…

  multimodal interaction · haptic feedback · auditory feedback · visual impairment · workload measurement