Glossary
Terms used in accessibility research and practice. Each entry has a definition, common aliases, and category tags.
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- Asperger Syndrome(also: Asperger's Syndrome, AS, Asperger's Disorder)
- A neurodevelopmental condition previously classified as a distinct diagnosis within the autism spectrum, characterized by difficulties with social interaction and nonverbal communication, alongside restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. Unlike autistic…
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(also: ADHD)
- A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with functioning and development. ADHD affects approximately 7.6% of children and 6.8% of adults worldwide and has three presentations: predominantly…
- Autism Spectrum(also: Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD, Autism Spectrum Condition)
- A neurodevelopmental condition characterized by differences in social communication, interaction patterns, and restricted or repetitive behaviors, interests, or activities. The spectrum concept reflects the wide variation in how autism presents—ranging from individuals who need…
- Behavioral Intervention(also: Behavior Intervention, Applied Behavior Analysis, ABA)
- A systematic approach to understanding and modifying behavior, most commonly applied to support children with autism, ADHD, and other neurodevelopmental conditions. Behavioral intervention uses evidence-based techniques including prompting, reinforcement, cueing, and feedback…
- Fragile X Syndrome(also: FXS, Martin-Bell Syndrome)
- A genetic condition caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome, making it the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and the most common known single-gene cause of autism spectrum disorder. Fragile X affects males more severely than females, with…
- Hyperactivity
- A core symptom of ADHD characterized by excessive movement, restlessness, difficulty remaining seated or still, and feeling driven as if by a motor. In adults, hyperactivity often manifests as internal restlessness rather than obvious physical activity. For digital…
- Impulsivity(also: Impulsiveness)
- A core symptom of ADHD characterized by acting without forethought, difficulty waiting, interrupting others, and making hasty decisions without considering consequences. In digital contexts, impulsivity can lead to premature form submissions, unintended purchases, accidental…
- Inattention(also: Inattentiveness)
- A core symptom of ADHD characterized by difficulty sustaining focus, being easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli, difficulty following through on instructions, and appearing not to listen when spoken to directly. In digital accessibility, inattention impacts the ability to…
- Neurodevelopmental Disorder(also: NDD)
- A group of conditions that arise during the developmental period and are characterized by developmental deficits that produce impairments in personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. Neurodevelopmental disorders include ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual…
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders(also: NDD, Neurodevelopmental Disabilities)
- A group of conditions that originate during the developmental period and are characterized by impairments in personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. Neurodevelopmental disorders include intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, specific learning…
- Partial Trisomy 9p(also: 9p Duplication Syndrome, Rethore Syndrome)
- A rare chromosomal condition in which a portion of the short arm of chromosome 9 is present in triplicate rather than in duplicate. The condition is associated with intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features, developmental delay, and in many cases co-occurring…
- Rett Syndrome(also: RTT)
- A rare, X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder caused in most cases by mutations in the MECP2 gene, affecting almost exclusively females. After typical early development, children with Rett syndrome lose purposeful hand use and acquired speech between 6-18 months, develop…
- Stimulation Seeking(also: Sensation Seeking, Novelty Seeking)
- A behavioral tendency common in people with ADHD to actively seek out novel, exciting, or highly engaging stimuli. This trait is linked to differences in dopamine regulation in the ADHD brain. In digital environments, stimulation seeking can make users particularly drawn to…
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