Glossary

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Capacitive Touch(also: Capacitive Sensing, Capacitive Touch Sensing)

A touch detection technology that works by measuring changes in electrical capacitance when a conductive object, such as a human finger, comes near or contacts an electrode surface. The finger and electrode form a capacitor whose capacitance changes upon contact, and this change…

Capacitive Touchscreen(also: Capacitive Touch Display, Cap Touch)

A capacitive touchscreen is a type of display that detects touch input by sensing changes in the electrical field caused by the conductivity of a human finger or conductive stylus. Unlike resistive touchscreens that require physical pressure, capacitive screens respond to the…

Capacitive marker(also: Capacitive fiducial, Conductive marker)

A conductive structure embedded in a physical object that registers as a touch point on a capacitive touchscreen, enabling the device to detect the object's position and orientation without cameras or external sensors. In accessible tactile graphics, capacitive markers printed…

Central Bank Digital Currency(also: CBDC)

A digital form of a country's official currency issued and regulated by its central bank, designed to function as legal tender alongside physical cash. CBDCs raise significant accessibility and inclusion considerations, as their design determines whether people with…

Civic Technology(also: Civic Tech, Civic Hacking)

Technology developed by community members, advocacy groups, or volunteers to improve public services, increase government transparency, and address civic challenges. In accessibility, civic technology includes open-source tools and platforms built to monitor and improve the…

Color Gamut(also: Colour Gamut, Gamut)

The complete range of colours that can be represented or reproduced by a particular colour space, display device, or visual system. In the context of colour vision, a trichromat's gamut encompasses the full range of colours perceivable by typical human vision, while a…

Color Space(also: Colour Space, Color Model)

A mathematical model that describes the range of colours that can be represented as numerical values, typically using three or more coordinates. Common colour spaces include RGB (red, green, blue), used in digital displays; CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, key/black), used in…

Computational Thinking(also: Algorithmic Thinking)

A problem-solving approach that involves breaking complex problems into smaller steps, identifying patterns, abstracting details, and designing step-by-step solutions—similar to how a computer processes instructions. In the context of smart home accessibility, computational…

Computer Vision(also: CV, Machine Vision)

A field of artificial intelligence that enables computers to interpret, understand, and extract information from visual data including images and videos. Computer vision technologies—such as object detection, image segmentation, scene recognition, and optical character…

Constructive Solid Geometry(also: CSG)

A technique in 3-D modeling that creates complex shapes by combining simpler geometric primitives (cubes, spheres, cylinders) using boolean operations such as union, difference, and intersection. CSG is the foundational approach used by code-based modeling tools like OpenSCAD.…

Context Engineering(also: Context management)

The practice, in LLM-based systems, of deliberately selecting, structuring, and injecting the information an AI model sees on each call — beyond just the user's latest message — so that outputs are grounded, relevant, and aligned with the user's actual situation. Typical context…

Context-Aware Computing(also: Context Awareness, Situational Awareness Computing)

Computing systems that can sense and adapt their behavior based on the user's current context, including location, activity, environment, and task state. In accessibility, context-aware systems go beyond static information delivery to provide real-time, situation-appropriate…

Cross-Platform Development(also: Cross-Platform Framework, Multi-Platform Development)

A software development approach that allows a single codebase to run on multiple operating systems or device platforms, such as iOS and Android. Frameworks like React Native, Flutter, and Xamarin enable developers to write code once and deploy it across platforms, reducing…

Crowdsourcing(also: Crowd-Sourced Data, Community Reporting)

A method of collecting data, information, or contributions from a large number of people, typically via the internet, rather than relying on a single authoritative source. In accessibility contexts, crowdsourcing is used to gather information about the accessibility of physical…

Crowdsourcing

The practice of gathering information, data, or contributions from a large group of distributed participants, typically via the internet. In accessibility, crowdsourcing platforms like Wheelmap and AccessTogether allow users to rate and report the accessibility of physical…

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