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• Blind People and Mobile Touch-based Text-Entry: Acknowledging the Need for Different Flavors

  João Oliveira, Tiago Guerreiro, Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge, Daniel Gonçalves · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper investigates how individual differences among blind people affect their performance with different touchscreen text-entry methods. Thirteen blind participants (ages 24-62) were evaluated using four methods on a Samsung Galaxy S: QWERTY (standard VoiceOver-style…

  blindness and low vision · text entry · touchscreen accessibility · mobile accessibility · ability-based design

• Developing Accessible TV Applications

  José Coelho, Carlos Duarte, Pradipta Biswas, Patrick Langdon · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This paper describes the GUIDE (Gentle User Interfaces for Elderly People) framework for developing accessible TV applications through multimodal interaction, user interface adaptation, and impairment simulation. The research combines a survey of 46 elderly participants (ages…

  aging · multimedia accessibility · multimodal interaction · adaptive systems · personalization

• Improving Calibration Time and Accuracy for Situation-Specific Models of Color Differentiation

  David R. Flatla, Carl Gutwin · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This paper presents ICD-2, a significantly improved situation-specific model of human color differentiation designed to make personalised color accessibility tools practical for real-world use. Color vision deficiencies (CVDs) affect people's ability to distinguish colors on…

  color vision deficiency · color blindness · color accessibility · calibration · color differentiation

• The potential of adaptive interfaces as an accessibility aid for older web users

  David Sloan, Matthew Tylee Atkinson, Colin Machin, Yunqiu Li · 2010 · Proceedings of the 2010 International Cross Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper examines the challenge of supporting web accessibility for older people whose capabilities fluctuate gradually over time due to age-related decline in vision, hearing, dexterity, and cognition. The authors argue that current accessibility solutions — accessible…

  aging · adaptive interfaces · assistive technology · older users · personalization

• Broadening Accessibility Through Special Interests: A New Approach for Software Customization

  Robert R. Morris, Connor R. Kirschbaum, Rosalind W. Picard · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper from MIT Media Lab presents a software approach for automatically embedding the special interests of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) into computer-based interventions. People with ASD often have intense, narrow interests — ranging from specific cartoon…

  autism spectrum disorder · special interests · software customization · personalization · computer-mediated intervention

• Adapting learning environments with AccessForAll

  Greg Gay, Silvia Mirri, Marco Roccetti, Paola Salomoni · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibililty (W4A)

  This paper describes the first implementation of the ISO FDIS 24751 accessibility standards (and the closely related IMS AccessForAll specifications) in ATutor, an open-source Learning Management System (LMS) developed at the University of Toronto's Adaptive Technology Resource…

  e-learning accessibility · learning management systems · content adaptation · personalization · ISO 24751

• Mining Web Interactions to Automatically Create Mash-Ups

  Jeffrey P. Bigham, Ryan S. Kaminsky, Jeffrey Nichols · 2009 · Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST 2009)

  This paper introduces TX2, a Firefox browser extension that automatically creates meta-search mash-ups by mining the web interactions of multiple users to discover relationships between query forms on different websites. The deep web — information accessible only through web…

  web accessibility · web development · information retrieval · end-user programming · personalization

• Customizing Directions in an Automated Wayfinding System for Individuals with Cognitive Impairment

  Alan L. Liu, Harlan Hile, Gaetano Borriello, Pat A. Brown, Mark Harniss, Henry Kautz, Kurt Johnson · 2009 · Proceedings of the 11th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '09)

  This paper presents the design and evaluation of a mobile wayfinding system that provides customized navigation directions to individuals with cognitive impairments such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, and intellectual disability. The central innovation is using a…

  cognitive impairment · wayfinding · navigation · mobile technology · Markov decision process

• RouteCheckr: Personalized Multicriteria Routing for Mobility Impaired Pedestrians

  Thorsten Völkel, Gerhard Weber · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This paper presents RouteCheckr, a client/server system for personalised pedestrian navigation that calculates routes optimised for multiple criteria relevant to mobility impaired users. The authors identify three key shortcomings of existing navigation systems: map data…

  navigation · wayfinding · wheelchair accessibility · visual impairment · mobility

• Personalization of User Interfaces for Browsing XML Content Using Transformations Built on End-User Requirements

  Benoît Encelle, Nadine Baptiste-Jessel · 2007 · Proceedings of the 2007 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper from IRIT at the University Paul Sabatier in Toulouse presents a model for generating personalized multimodal user interfaces for browsing XML content, driven by end-user requirements rather than developer-imposed defaults. The authors identify a core accessibility…

  personalization · multimodal interaction · user profiles · content adaptation · XML

• Contextual Web Accessibility - Maximizing the Benefit of Accessibility Guidelines

  David Sloan, Andy Heath, Fraser Hamilton, Brian Kelly, Helen Petrie, Lawrie Phipps · 2006 · Proceedings of the 2006 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This influential paper challenges the prevailing approach to web accessibility that treats WCAG conformance as the sole measure of success. The authors argue that while guidelines like WCAG are valuable tools, the persistently low levels of web accessibility indicate that…

  accessibility policy · WCAG · contextual design · e-learning accessibility · inclusive design

• Personalizable Edge Services for Web Accessibility

  Gennaro Iaccarino, Delfina Malandrino, Vittorio Scarano · 2006 · Proceedings of the 2006 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A): Building the Mobile Web: Rediscovering Accessibility?

  This paper presents PAN (Personalizable Accessible Navigation), a suite of proxy-based edge services that transform web pages on-the-fly to improve accessibility for users with disabilities. Built on top of the Scalable Intermediary Software Infrastructure (SISI) — a…

  proxy-based accessibility · web accessibility · content adaptation · personalization · edge services

• The Personal Portable Profile Project

  Blaise W. Liffick, Gary Zoppetti, Shane Shearer · 2006 · Proceedings of the 8th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '06)

  This paper presents the Personal Portable Profile (P3) system, a hardware and software solution designed to let users with disabilities carry their computer accessibility settings between machines. The core problem addressed is that operating system user profiles — covering…

  assistive technology · user profile · personalization · portable accessibility · operating system settings

• Toward Goldilocks' Pointing Device: Determining a "Just Right" Gain Setting for Users with Physical Impairments

  Heidi Horstmann Koester, Edmund LoPresti, Richard C. Simpson · 2005 · Proceedings of the 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '05)

  This paper describes the design and evaluation of the Input Device Agent (IDA), a software-based agent that automatically recommends a pointing device gain (control-display sensitivity) setting for individual users with physical impairments. Gain determines how far the mouse…

  motor accessibility · pointing devices · adaptive systems · physical disability · cursor control

• The User Experience: Designs and Adaptations

  Vicki L. Hanson · 2004 · Proceedings of the 2004 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This keynote-style paper from IBM's Watson Research Center by Vicki Hanson argues that web accessibility standards and guidelines, while necessary, do not guarantee a usable or satisfying experience for people with disabilities. The paper distinguishes between accessibility…

  low vision · aging · cognitive accessibility · user experience · personalization

• The semantic web, web accessibility, and device independence

  Lisa Seeman · 2004 · Proceedings of the 2004 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  Written by Lisa Seeman of UB Access, this paper argues that Semantic Web technologies — particularly RDF (Resource Description Framework) annotations — can dramatically improve web accessibility beyond what WCAG guidelines alone can achieve, especially for people with learning…

  semantic web · RDF · cognitive accessibility · learning disabilities · personalization

• Automating Accessibility: The Dynamic Keyboard

  Shari Trewin · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper presents the Dynamic Keyboard, a self-adaptive software agent developed at IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center that continuously and automatically adjusts keyboard accessibility settings to match the current user's typing patterns. The system addresses a bootstrapping…

  keyboard accessibility · adaptive systems · motor accessibility · input methods · self-adaptive system

• A Web Accessibility Service: Update and Findings

  Vicki L. Hanson, John T. Richards · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper reports on the evolution of IBM's Web Accessibility Service from a proxy server prototype (presented at Assets 2002) to a client-side architecture that transforms web pages on the fly to meet the needs of older adults and people with disabilities. The original proxy…

  web accessibility · web adaptation · aging · assistive technology · personalization

• Semantic Bookmarking for Non-Visual Web Access

  Saikat Mukherjee, I. V. Ramakrishnan, Michael Kifer · 2004 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets 04)

  This paper introduces semantic bookmarking, a technique for non-visual web access that allows blind users to bookmark meaningful content segments on web pages using domain ontologies rather than structural HTML positions. The research is built on HearSay, a speech-driven…

  web accessibility · visual impairment · screen reader · semantic web · web navigation

• Image Pre-Compensation to Facilitate Computer Access for Users with Refractive Errors

  Miguel Alonso, Armando Barreto, J. Gualberto Cremades · 2003 · Proceedings of the 6th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '04)

  This paper presents a novel approach to improving computer access for people with refractive visual errors by pre-compensating displayed images using knowledge of the user's specific optical aberration. The core insight is that the human eye can be modelled as a Linear Time…

  low vision · visual impairment · refractive error · image processing · visual acuity

• Evaluation of Scanning User Interfaces Using Real-Time-Data Usage Logs

  Peter O'Neill, Chris Roast, Mark Hawley · 2000 · Proceedings of the Fourth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '00)

  This paper from Sheffield Hallam University and Barnsley District General Hospital presents a novel approach to evaluating electronic assistive technology (EAT) for people with severe disabilities through automated analysis of real-time usage logs. The research focuses on the…

  switch access · scanning interface · assistive technology · cerebral palsy · usage analytics

• An Empirical Investigation of Ways in Which Some of the Problems Encountered by Some Dyslexics May Be Alleviated Using Computer Techniques

  Peter Gregor, Alan F. Newell · 2000 · Proceedings of the Fourth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '00)

  This paper describes the development and user evaluation of a highly configurable word processing environment designed to help dyslexic users read and produce text more effectively. The researchers at the University of Dundee identified nine common problems dyslexics encounter:…

  dyslexia · reading accessibility · text customization · user-centred design · word processing

• A Study of Input Device Manipulation Difficulties

  Shari Trewin · 1996 · Proceedings of the Second Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies (Assets '96)

  This paper from the University of Edinburgh describes a pilot study designed to gather detailed, quantified data about physical input errors made by people with motor disabilities when using standard keyboards and mice. The author identifies a significant gap: despite widespread…

  motor disability · keyboard accessibility · mouse accessibility · input errors · performance errors

• Human Diversity and the Choice of Interface: A Design Challenge

  Starr Roxanne Hiltz, Murray Turoff · 1981 · Proceedings of the Joint Conference on Easier and More Productive Use of Computer Systems (CHI '81), Part II: Human Interface and the User Interface

  Hiltz and Turoff report findings from a multi-year National Science Foundation-funded field trial of the Electronic Information Exchange System (EIES), a pioneering computer-mediated communication platform built at the New Jersey Institute of Technology that by 1981 had hosted…

  user interface · computer-mediated communication · adaptive interface · personalization · novice vs expert