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• Basic Senior Personas: A Representative Design Tool Covering the Spectrum of European Older Adults

  Bernhard Wöckl, Ulcay Yildizoglu, Isabella Buber, Belinda Aparicio Diaz, Ernst Kruijff, Manfred Tscheligi · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper introduces a set of 30 "basic senior personas" representing European citizens aged 60 and older, developed using a quantitative approach based on micro-level data from approximately 12,500 individuals across 17 European countries from the SHARE (Survey of Health,…

  older adults · personas · user-centered design · ambient assisted living · activities of daily living

• Elderly Text-Entry Performance on Touchscreens

  Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12)

  This paper presents an empirical study of how elderly users perform text-entry tasks on touchscreen devices, examining both mobile phones and tablets. Fifteen participants aged 67 to 89 (mean 79) were asked to copy sentences on an HTC Desire smartphone and an ASUS Transformer…

  touchscreen accessibility · text entry · aging · motor accessibility · tremor

• Understanding the Role of Age and Fluid Intelligence in Information Search

  Shari Trewin, John T. Richards, Vicki L. Hanson, David Sloan, Bonnie E. John, Cal Swart, John C. Thomas · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This study investigates whether age or fluid intelligence is the more important factor driving differences in how people search for information in hierarchical web interfaces. The researchers recruited three groups: 14 younger adults with high fluid intelligence (YH, mean age…

  cognitive accessibility · aging · fluid intelligence · eye tracking · information search

• Considerations for Technology that Support Physical Activity by Older Adults

  Chloe Fan, Jodi Forlizzi, Anind Dey · 2012 · Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This paper investigates how technology can help older adults overcome barriers to physical activity through a needs-based, qualitative research approach. Rather than starting from technology capabilities, the researchers interviewed 12 physically active older adults (aged 61-90)…

  aging · older adults · physical activity · technology intervention · participatory design

• Write-N-Speak: Authoring Multimodal Digital-Paper Materials for Speech-Language Therapy

  Anne Marie Piper, Nadir Weibel, James D. Hollan · 2011 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper presents Write-N-Speak, a digital pen toolkit that enables speech-language therapists to create custom multimodal therapy materials for clients with aphasia—a communication disorder often resulting from stroke that affects approximately 80,000 Americans annually. The…

  aphasia · speech-language therapy · AAC · digital pen · multimodal interaction

• Health Problem Solving by Older Persons Using a Complex Government Web Site: Analysis and Implications for Web Design

  Sara J. Czaja, Joseph Sharit, Chin Chin Lee, Sankaran N. Nair, Mark S. Hernández, Nelida Arana, Shih-Han Fu · 2011 · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction

  This study examined how older adults (ages 50-85) navigate Medicare.gov to complete a realistic health-related task: finding quality ratings for home health care agencies. The researchers recruited 112 participants stratified by age decade (50s, 60s, 70s, 80s) and conducted…

  older adults · cognitive accessibility · health information seeking · web usability · government websites

• Leveraging Large Data Sets for User Requirements Analysis

  Maria K. Wolters, Vicki L. Hanson, Johanna D. Moore · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This paper demonstrates a novel methodology for using large-scale demographic surveys to inform the design of accessible technology. Rather than conducting specialized usability studies with small samples, the authors repurpose the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) — a…

  inclusive design · aging · spoken dialogue systems · telecare · user requirements

• Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance Help (NOAH) for Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study

  Pooja Viswanathan, James J. Little, Alan K. Mackworth, Alex Mihailidis · 2011 · The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2011)

  This paper describes NOAH (Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance Help), an intelligent powered wheelchair system designed to provide adaptive navigation assistance to older adults with cognitive impairment in long-term care settings. An estimated 60-80% of residents in long-term…

  intelligent wheelchair · dementia · cognitive impairment · collision avoidance · wayfinding

• Using galvanic skin response measures to identify areas of frustration for older web 2.0 users

  Darren Lunn, Simon Harper · 2010 · Proceedings of the 2010 International Cross Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper investigates how older web users experience stress and frustration when interacting with Web 2.0 dynamic content, using galvanic skin response (GSR) measurements combined with eye-tracking data. GSR is a physiological indicator that measures changes in skin electrical…

  older adults · physiological measurement · galvanic skin response · eye tracking · Web 2.0

• Multi-Layered Interfaces to Improve Older Adults' Initial Learnability of Mobile Applications

  Rock Leung, Leah Findlater, Joanna McGrenere, Peter Graf, Justine Yang · 2010 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper investigates whether multi-layered (ML) interfaces can improve the learnability of mobile applications for older adults. ML interfaces present novice users with a simplified, reduced-functionality layer containing only basic features, allowing them to progress to a…

  aging · older adults · mobile accessibility · learnability · interface design

• Introducing Multimodal Paper-Digital Interfaces for Speech-Language Therapy

  Anne Marie Piper, Nadir Weibel, James D. Hollan · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper explores how multimodal digital pen and paper technology can support speech-language therapy for adults with aphasia and apraxia of speech following stroke or brain injury. The researchers conducted five months of field observations with 15 speech-language therapists…

  aphasia · apraxia of speech · augmentative and alternative communication · speech-language therapy · older adults

• Relating Computer Tasks to Existing Knowledge to Improve Accessibility for Older Adults

  Nic Hollinworth, Faustina Hwang · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper investigates whether a custom file management interface designed to resemble physical paper documents, folders, and sticky labels can improve computer accessibility for older adults. The authors identify a fundamental problem: people learn new tasks by relating them…

  older adults · digital literacy · interface design · file management · skeuomorphic design

• A Tool to Promote Prolonged Engagement in Art Therapy: Design and Development from Arts Therapist Requirements

  Jesse Hoey, Krists Zutis, Valerie Leuty, Alex Mihailidis · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This paper describes the design and evaluation of a customisable touch-screen tool that assists creative arts therapists working with older adults with dementia. The system uses a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) controller to autonomously monitor a client's…

  dementia · art therapy · computer vision · adaptive systems · user modeling

• Helping Older Adults Locate 'Lost' Cursors Using FieldMouse

  Nic Hollinworth · 2010 · Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This short paper describes FieldMouse, a modified standard optical mouse augmented with a touch sensor (Quantum QT110) embedded in its top surface to detect when a user grasps the mouse after releasing it. The motivation addresses a common problem among older adult computer…

  aging · mouse cursor · pointing devices · input devices · assistive technology

• User requirement analysis for a railway ticketing portal with emphasis on semantic accessibility for older users

  Michael Leitner, Özge Subasi, Norman Höller, Arjan Geven, Manfred Tscheligi · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper investigates the user requirements of older adults using an online railway ticketing portal operated by a nationwide Austrian railway company. The researchers employed a mixed-methods approach combining a large-scale online questionnaire (1,200 valid responses),…

  older adults · semantic accessibility · user requirements · universal accessibility · e-commerce accessibility

• Age and Web Access: The Next Generation

  Vicki L. Hanson · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper challenges the common assumption that technology difficulties experienced by older adults are a fixed characteristic of aging that will naturally disappear as tech-savvy younger generations grow old. Hanson argues that the relationship between age and web access is…

  aging · older adults · digital divide · cognitive accessibility · user experience

• A Survey of Technology Accessibility Problems Faced by Older Users in China

  Dengfeng Yao, Yunfeng Qiu, Zaixin Du, Jianqing Ma, Harry Huang · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents the broadest survey of web accessibility for older users conducted in China at the time, with 180 valid responses from participants across all 25 Chinese provinces. The web-based questionnaire was supplemented with in-person discussions at meetings with older…

  aging · older adults · digital divide · global accessibility · survey research

• Evaluation of techniques defined in WCAG 2.0 with older people

  Sergio Sayago, Laura Camacho, Josep Blat · 2009 · Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibililty (W4A)

  This paper evaluates two specific WCAG 2.0 techniques — keyboard-based navigation (Guideline 2.1) and design of link purpose (Guideline 2.4) — with older people aged 65 to 80 in two real-world design projects for old-age pensioner associations in Barcelona, Spain. The study…

  aging · WCAG compliance · keyboard accessibility · link design · user testing

• Video Modeling for Training Older Adults to Use New Technologies

  Doreen Struve, Hartmut Wandke · 2009 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper investigates the effectiveness of video modeling combined with guided error training for teaching older adults to use complex technology systems. Part of the ALISA project (Adaptive Learning Support for Older Adults) at Humboldt University Berlin, the study compared…

  older adults · video modeling · training · self-efficacy · cognitive load

• Exploring Methods to Improve Pen-Based Menu Selection for Younger and Older Adults

  Karyn Moffatt, Joanna McGrenere · 2009 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This study investigates why users struggle with pen-based menu selection on tablet PCs, particularly older adults, and tests two approaches for reducing errors. Building on a baseline study that identified three error types (slipping, drifting, and "missing just below"), the…

  pen input · tablet PC · older adults · target acquisition · motor impairments

• Accessible Computing -- Past Trends and Future Suggestions: Commentary on "Computers and People with Disabilities"

  Alan F. Newell · 2008 · ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)

  This influential commentary by Alan Newell reflects on 15 years of progress since Glinert and York's seminal 1992 paper on computers and disability. While acknowledging advances—specialized journals, accessibility features in mainstream software, AAC devices with prediction, and…

  inclusive design · older adults · cognitive accessibility · design methodology · user-centered design

• Lessons from an evaluation of a domestic well-being indicator system

  Nubia M. Gil · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This short paper presents an evaluation of a domestic well-being indicator system designed to present sensor-collected data from older people's homes through two distinct user interfaces — one for the older person and one for their carer. The system tracks well-being indicators…

  aging · telecare · well-being monitoring · older adults · caregiving

• Hover or Tap? Supporting Pen-based Menu Navigation for Older Adults

  Karyn Moffatt, Sandra Yuen, Joanna McGrenere · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This paper investigates "drifting" — an error specific to pen-based (Tablet PC) interaction where users accidentally hover over an adjacent menu head, causing their intended menu to close and the wrong one to open. This occurs because inductive pen technology tracks the pen…

  aging · input methods · touchscreen accessibility · inclusive design · user interface design

• How Older and Younger Adults Differ in Their Approach to Problem Solving on a Complex Website

  Peter G. Fairweather · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This IBM Research paper challenges the prevailing assumption that older adults use the web in the same way as younger adults, just more slowly and less accurately. The study examined how 28 participants aged 18-73 navigated a complex newspaper website to solve a realistic…

  aging · web navigation · cognitive accessibility · usability · older adults

• Technology Devices for Older Adults to Aid Self Management of Chronic Health Conditions

  Amritpal Singh Bhachu, Nicolas Hine, John Arnott · 2008 · Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08)

  This University of Dundee study investigates older adults' opinions and attitudes toward technology devices that could be used as part of a telecare system for self-managing chronic health conditions. The research was conducted through technology evaluation workshops with a…

  aging · telecare · self-management · health technology · older adults